Forging materials are mainly components of carbon steel and alloy steel, followed by aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium and its alloys. Material of the original state has a bar, ingot casting, metal powder and liquid metal. Metal in the deformation of the cross-sectional area before and after deformation of the ratio of the cross sectional area called the forging ratio. Correctly choose the forging ratio, reasonable heating temperature and holding time, the reasonable forging temperature and finish forging temperature, reasonable deformation and deformation rate has much to do to improve the product quality, reduce cost.
General small and medium-sized forgings are round or square bar as a blank. Bar uniform grain of organization and mechanical properties, good, accurate shape and size, surface quality is good, is advantageous for the organization batch production. As long as reasonable control heating temperature and deformation conditions, do not need large forging deformation can be forged out of the excellent performance of forgings.
Ingot is used only for large forgings. Ingot is the as-cast organization, the larger the columnar crystal and the center of the osteoporosis. Therefore must through large plastic deformation, breakage of the columnar crystal for fine grained, will loose compaction, excellent metal organization and mechanical performance can be achieved.
After the suppression and burning of powder metallurgy blocking, under the thermal state by without flash forging die forging can be made into powder. Close to the density of general die forgings forging powder, has good mechanical properties, and high accuracy, can reduce the subsequent machining. Powder forging internal organization even, no segregation, can be used to make the small gear and other artifacts. But powder price is much higher than generally the price of the bar, its application in production.
In casting mould chamber of liquid metal ShiJiaJing pressure, make its solidification and crystallization under pressure, flow, plastic deformation and forming, can obtain the required shape and properties of die forgings. Liquid metal forging is between the die casting and die forging forming method, especially suitable for common die forging is difficult to forming the complex thin-walled parts.
Forging materials in addition to the usual materials, such as various composition of carbon steel and alloy steel, followed by aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium and its alloys, high temperature iron base alloy, nickel base superalloy, cobalt-based superalloy deformation of the alloy are forged or finish rolling way, only the alloy due to its plastic zone is relatively narrow, so the forging difficulty will be relatively large, the heating temperature of different material, open forging temperature and finish forging temperature have strict requirements.
